The articles listed below represent a random collection of information available in the internet.
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19333165/
Katz N, Mazer NA. The impact of opioids on the endocrine system. Clin J Pain. 2009 Feb;25(2):170-5. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e3181850df6. PMID: 19333165.
The impact of opioids on the endocrine system
“Conclusions: Opioid-induced hypogonadism seems to be a common complication of therapeutic or illicit opioid use. Patients on long-term opioid therapy should be prospectively monitored, and in cases of opioid-induced hypogonadism, we recommend nonopioid pain management, opioid rotation, or sex hormone supplementation after careful consideration of the risks and benefits.”
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19903933/
Vuong C, Van Uum SH, O’Dell LE, Lutfy K, Friedman TC. The effects of opioids and opioid analogs on animal and human endocrine systems. Endocr Rev. 2010 Feb;31(1):98-132. doi: 10.1210/er.2009-0009. Epub 2009 Nov 10. PMID: 19903933; PMCID: PMC2852206.
The effects of opioids and opioid analogs on animal and human endocrine systems
“…Opioids act preferentially at different receptor sites leading to stimulatory or inhibitory effects on hormone release. Increasing opioid abuse primarily leads to hypogonadism but may also affect the secretion of other pituitary hormones. The potential consequences of hypogonadism include decreased libido and erectile dysfunction in men, oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea in women, and bone loss or infertility in both sexes….”
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22786453/
Smith HS, Elliott JA. Opioid-induced androgen deficiency (OPIAD). Pain Physician. 2012 Jul;15(3 Suppl):ES145-56. PMID: 22786453.
Opioid-induced androgen deficiency (OPIAD)
“…Accompanying this upsurge in the use of long-term opioid therapy has been an increase in the occurrence of opioid associated endocrinopathy, most commonly manifested as an androgen deficiency and therefore referred to as opioid associated androgen deficiency (OPIAD). This syndrome is characterized by the presence of inappropriately low levels of gonadotropins (follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone) leading to inadequate production of sex hormones, particularly testosterone. Symptoms that may manifest in patients with OPIAD include reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, fatigue, hot flashes, and depression. Physical findings may include reduced facial and body hair, anemia, decreased muscle mass, weight gain, and osteopenia or osteoporosis….”
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26164713/
Live to tell: Narratives of methamphetamine-using women taken hostage by their intimate partners in San Diego, CA
Background: Hostage-taking, an overlooked phenomenon in public health, constitutes a severe form of intimate partner violence and may be a precursor to female homicide within relationships characterized by substance use. Criminal justice studies indicate that most hostage incidents are male-driven events with more than half of all cases associated with a prior history of violence and substance use. Methamphetamine use increases a woman’s risk of partner violence, with methamphetamine-using individuals being up to nine times more likely to commit homicide. As homicide is the most lethal outcome of partner violence and methamphetamine use, this study aims to characterize the potential role of hostage-taking within these intersecting epidemics.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26130334/
Stults CB, Javdani S, Greenbaum CA, Kapadia F, Halkitis PN. Intimate partner violence and substance use risk among young men who have sex with men: The P18 cohort study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Sep 1;154:54-62. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.06.008. Epub 2015 Jun 9. PMID: 26130334; PMCID: PMC4536185.
Intimate partner violence and substance use risk among young men who have sex with men: The P18 cohort study
Conclusion: Findings highlight the strong association between IPV and increased frequency of substance use among YMSM and provide support that violence may exist as part of a syndemic facing YMSM. Prevention and intervention strategies may be improved by addressing substance use in the context of IPV and other related health challenges.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15631612/
Moore TM, Stuart GL. Illicit substance use and intimate partner violence among men in batterers’ intervention. Psychol Addict Behav. 2004 Dec;18(4):385-389. doi: 10.1037/0893-164X.18.4.385. PMID: 15631612.
Illicit substance use and intimate partner violence among men in batterers’ intervention
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of illicit substance use and alcohol on the occurrence of violence among men in batterers’ intervention and their female partners. Results showed that over half of the batterers reported using illicit substances in the past year, and over one third of partners were reported to have used 1 or more illicit substances in the past year. Relative to the non-substance users, substance users scored significantly higher on all measures of perpetration and receipt of intimate partner violence after controlling for alcohol use. Results also showed that illicit substance use uniquely predicted specific forms of violence perpetration and victimization. The results highlight the need for interventions tailored to address substance use and violence concurrently.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12766378/
Substance abuse and relationship violence among men court-referred to batterers’ intervention programs
Stuart GL, Moore TM, Kahler CW, Ramsey SE. Substance abuse and relationship violence among men court-referred to batterers’ intervention programs. Subst Abus. 2003 Jun;24(2):107-22. doi: 10.1080/08897070309511539. PMID: 12766378.
“… Across the entire sample, half of the batterers had an alcohol-related diagnosis and approximately one third reported symptoms consistent with a drug-related diagnosis. Over one third of the total sample reported that their relationship partners were hazardous drinkers. Relative to the NHD group, the HD group scored significantly higher on measures of general violence, depressive symptomatology, alcohol use, alcohol problems, and drug problems. The HD group also reported significantly higher partner alcohol and drug use and abuse scores, relative to the NHD group. The results of the study suggest that substance use and abuse should routinely be assessed as part of batterer interventions and that batterer programs would be improved by offering adjunct or integrated alcohol treatment….”
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16925813/
Substance abuse and intimate partner violence: treatment considerations
Klostermann KC. Substance abuse and intimate partner violence: treatment considerations. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2006 Aug 22;1:24. doi: 10.1186/1747-597X-1-24. PMID: 16925813; PMCID: PMC1564385.
“…Given these very significant concerns with the current referral approach, coupled with the high incidence of IPV among individuals entering substance abuse treatment, providers need to develop strategies for addressing IPV that can be incorporated and integrated into their base intervention packages.”
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4201785/
Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Alcohol and Opioid Dependence
Sandeep Grover, Surendra K. Mattoo, Shreyas Pendharkar, and Venkatesh Kandappan
“There are limited numbers of studies which have evaluated the sexual dysfunction (SD) in patients with alcohol and opioids dependence. This article reviews the existing literature. Electronic searches were carried out using the PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect to locate the relevant literature. Subjects addicted to heroin or on methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) or buprenorphine maintenance treatment (BMT) show higher rates of SD in comparison to the general population…”
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871615000733
Testosterone suppression in opioid users: A systematic review and meta-analysis
“Whether used for pain management or recreation, opioids have a number of adverse effects including hormonal imbalances. These imbalances have been reported to primarily involve testosterone and affect both males and females to the point of interfering with successful treatment and recovery. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the extent that opioids affect testosterone levels in both men and women, which may be relevant to improved treatment outcomes for opioid dependence and for pain management.”
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https://www.nature.com/articles/srep06189
Methadone induces testosterone suppression in patients with opioid addiction
Bawor et al.
“Sex hormones may have a role in the pathophysiology of substance use disorders, as demonstrated by the association between testosterone and addictive behaviour in opioid dependence. Although opioid use has been found to suppress testosterone levels in men and women, the extent of this effect and how it relates to methadone treatment for opioid dependence is unclear. The present multi-centre cross-sectional study consecutively recruited 231 patients with opioid dependence from methadone clinics…”
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26940022/
Sexual dysfunction in men diagnosed as substance use disorder
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18093094/
Sexual dysfunction in men who abuse illicit drugs: a preliminary report
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18391561/
Drugs of abuse and sexual functioning
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31795801/
Relationship Between Cannabis Use and Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4485976/
Effects of cigarette smoking on erectile dysfunction
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18761596/
Is the relationship between cigarette smoking and male erectile dysfunction independent of cardiovascular disease? Findings from a population-based cross-sectional study
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6761906/#:~:text=Studies%20found%20that%20heavy%20alcohol,important%20role%20in%20sperm%20maturation.
Alcohol’s Effects on Male Reproduction
Studies found that heavy alcohol consumption results in reduced testosterone levels in the blood. Alcohol also impairs the function of the testicular Sertoli cells that play an important role in sperm maturation.